Purpose and Objective
Expressing Purpose (Menyatakan Tujuan) Menggunakan "So That"
Untuk mengekspresikan suatu tujuan dalam kalimat Bahasa Inggris, kita dapat menggunakan “so that” atau “in order to”. Keduanya memilki arti yang sama. Silahkan perhatikan contoh kalimat di bawah ini.
I turned off the TV in order to enable my rommate to study in peace and quiet.
I turned off the TV so (that) my rommate could study in peace and quiet.
(Artinya: Saya mematikan TV supaya/ agar teman sekamar saya dapat belajar dengan tenang)
Keterangan:
In oder to dan so that sama-sama digunakan untuk menyatakan tujuan. Pada contoh kalimat diatas, “I turned off the TV” untuk suatu tujuan. Tujuannya adalah: “make it possible for my roommate to study in peace and quiet”. Kata “that” sering dihilangkan, khususnya dalam speaking (tidak diucapkan ketika berbicara Bahasa Inggris).
Rumus yang bisa digunakan ketika kita akan menggunakan “so that”untuk mengkespresikan tujuan adalah:
1. SO THAT + CAN/ COULD
I’m going to cash a check so that I can buy my textbooks. (Can = Present time)
I cashed a check so that I could buy my textbooks. (Could = Past time)
So that lebih sering digunakan daripada in order to ketika suatu kemampuan/ kesanggupan diekspresikan dalam suatu kalimat. Kata “Can” dapat digunakan dalam adverb clause jika suatu kalimat tersebut memilki makna atau terjadi saat sekarang (present) atau masa yang akan datang (future). Sedangkan kata “Could” digunakan setelah “so that” jika kejadiannya sudah lampau (past).
2. SO THAT + WILL/ SIMPLE PRESENT or WOULD
I’ll take my umbrella so that I won’t get wet
I’ll take my umbrella so that I don’t get wet
Yesterday I took my umbrella so that I wouldn’t get wet.
Pada contoh kalimat pertama, “so that I won’t get wet = in order to make sure that I won’t get wet”. Pada contoh kalimat kedua, terkadang kita mungkin untuk menggunakan simple present setelah “so that”untuk menunjukkan tujuan di masa yang akan datang (future meaning). Dan pada contoh kalimat yang terakhir, kata “would” digunakan untuk kalimat yang kejadiannya sudah lampau (past).
CATATAN:
In order that secara umum jarang sekali digunakan. Contohnya: “I turned off the TV (in order) that my roommate could study in peace and quiet.” Dan keduanya, baik so that dan in order that sama-sama memperkenalkan adverb clauses.
Kata “may” atau “might” mungkin juga digunakan untuk menggantikan kata “can” dan “could”, tetapi jarang digunakan secara umum. Contoh: “I cashed a check so that I might buy my textbooks.”
Jika untuk menyatakan tujuan makna dari:
Can = want to be able to (Present time)
Could = wanted to be able to (Past time)
Will/ will not/ doesn’t/ don’t = want to make sure (Present time)
Would / would not = wanted to make sure (Past time)
| prepositional phrase = preposition + object of preposition |
|---|
Preposition yang digunakan pada prepositional phrase of purpose adalah “for”.
Contoh Kalimat Preposition of Purpose
| No | Contoh Kalimat Preposition of Purpose |
|---|---|
| 1 | I’m studying English for my examinations. (Saya sedang belajar bahasa Inggris untuk ujian-ujian saya.) preposition + noun phrase |
| 2 | I would like to go for a pizza. (Saya ingin pergi untuk makan pizza.) preposition + noun phrase |
| 3 | They needs car seats for babies. (Mereka membutuhkan kursi mobil untuk bayi.) preposition + noun |
| 4 | She bought coconut oil for massage. (Dia membeli minyak kelapa untuk pijat.) preposition + noun |
| 5 | He left her desk for lunch. (Dia meninggalkan mejanya untuk makan siang.) preposition + noun |
Objective
Sama halnya seperti dalam struktur bahasa Indonesia, ada subjek dan ada objek. Objek sendiri adalah sebuah kata yang merupakan unsur lain dari sebuah kalimat. Objek ini pun tidak selalu identik dengan sebuah kalimat. Semua tergantung pada kata kerja (verb) yang digunakan. Belajar juga tentang Contoh Noun Clause Sebagai Object of Preposition
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Kata “objek” ini juga biasanya membahas tentang sesuatu atau seseorang. Bisa berupa noun,noun phrase, pronoun atau objek lebih panjang dan komplek lainnya.
Coba lihat contoh kalimat di bawah ini :
- I love sushi (kata yang menjadi objek dalam kalimat ini adalah “sushi”)
- Alex met Mia yesterday (Mia menjadi objek dalam kalimat ini)
- I made my friend some coffee (Objek di sini adalah kopi)
Adapun beberapa fungsi objek dalam kalimat bahasa inggris, yaitu :
- Bisa menjadi objek itu sendiri. Contoh kalimatnya : I put the black cat into the garden ( Saya menaruh kucing hitam itu di taman)
- Sebagai pembentuk kata dasar. Contoh kalimatnya : I am really into dancing
- Memperjelas sebuah kalimat. Contoh kalimatnya : I eat an ice cream in the kitchen ( Saya makan es krim di dapur).
- Untuk membentuk kesatuan atau sebagai pelengkap kalimat. Dalam artian jika tidak ada kata “objek” ini maka kalimatnya tidak sempurna atau tidak bermakna. Contoh kalimatnya : Mia eats an ice cream (Mia makan es krim). Jika tidak ada kata “ice cream” hanya ada “Mia eats” maka kelimat ini tidak lengkap.
- Sebagai objek penderita. Contoh kalimatnya : The person with a black hat is very funny (Orang dengan topi hitam itu sangat lucu) Belajar juga tentang Contoh Object of A Preposition Beserta Artinya
*kata yang dihitamkan merupakan objeknya.
Dan berikut beberapa contoh kalimat object dalam bahasa Inggris beserta artinya yang bisa Anda pelajari :
- We saw the man whose house my brother built (Kami menemui orang yang rumahnya dibangun oleh kakak kami)
- The dog eat popcorn (Anjing itu makan popcorn)
- The cat is at home (Kucingnya ada di rumah)
- After dinner, she made an ice cream for me (Setelah makan malam, dia membuatkan saya es krim)
- On Saturday night she studied math for the exam (Di malam Sabtu, dia belajar matematika untuk ujian)
- She loves football (Dia menyukai sepakbola)
- The dog bit the postman (Anjing itu menggigit tukang pos) Belajar juga tentang Contoh Objective Case
- The police have arrested four people (Polisi telah menangkap empat orang)
- Twenty children from the school choir will be singing ‘Indonesia Raya’ (Dua puluh anak dari kelompok paduan suara sekolah itu akan menyanyikan “Indonesia Raya”)
- A young boy showed her the way (Anak muda itu menunjukkan jalan padanya)
Text 1
On Wednesday, my students and I went to Yogyakarta. We stayed at Dirgahayu Hotel which is not far from Malioboro.
On Thursday, we visited the temples in Prambanan. There are three big temples, the Brahmana, Syiwa and Wisnu temples. They are really amazing. We visited only Brahmana and Syiwa temples, because Wisnu temple is being renovated.
On Friday morning we went to Yogya Kraton. We spent about two hours there. We were lucky because we were led by a smart and friendly guide. Then we continued our journey to Borobudur. We arrived there at four p.m. At 5 p.m. we heard the announcement that Borobudur gate would be closed.
In the evening we left for Jakarta by wisata bus.
1. The text above mainly discusses about……..
a. the writer’s trip to Yogyakarta
b. the writer’s first visit to Prambanan
c. the writer’s impression about the guide
d. the writer’s experience at Yogya Kraton
e. the writer’s impression about Borobudur
a. the writer’s trip to Yogyakarta
b. the writer’s first visit to Prambanan
c. the writer’s impression about the guide
d. the writer’s experience at Yogya Kraton
e. the writer’s impression about Borobudur
2. The text is written in the form of a/an………
a. recount
b. narrative
c. report
d. anecdote
e. spoof
a. recount
b. narrative
c. report
d. anecdote
e. spoof
3. The purpose of the text is to……….
a. tell past events
b. entertain readers
c. describe the smugglers
d. report an event to the police
e. inform readers about events of the day
a. tell past events
b. entertain readers
c. describe the smugglers
d. report an event to the police
e. inform readers about events of the day
4. What are the big temples in Prambanan?
a. angkor wat, syiwa, and sudra temples
b. paria, brahmana, and temples
c. brahmana, syiwa, and wisnu temples
d. wisnu, syiwa, and borobudur temples
e. borobudur, syiwa, and brahmana temples
a. angkor wat, syiwa, and sudra temples
b. paria, brahmana, and temples
c. brahmana, syiwa, and wisnu temples
d. wisnu, syiwa, and borobudur temples
e. borobudur, syiwa, and brahmana temples
5. When did they go home?
a. On Saturday morning
b. On Friday evening
c. On Thursday evening
d. On Friday afternoon
e. On Saturday evening
a. On Saturday morning
b. On Friday evening
c. On Thursday evening
d. On Friday afternoon
e. On Saturday evening
6. Why did they only visit Brahmana and Syiwa temples?
a. because there was no wisnu temple
b. because wisnu temple was amazing
c. because wisnu temple was too small
d. because wisnu temple was being repaired
e. because wisnu temple was being destroyed
a. because there was no wisnu temple
b. because wisnu temple was amazing
c. because wisnu temple was too small
d. because wisnu temple was being repaired
e. because wisnu temple was being destroyed
TEKS 2 The police thought that two burglars started the robbery at 151 Pattimura street on Sunday afternoon. The burglars broke into the students’ room while they were going to a football game. They never thought that while they were away, burglars would break into their boarding house.7. The communicative purpose of this text is………
a. to retell events for the purpose of informing
b. to present perspective points about an issue
c. to describe the way they are
d. to acknowledge readers about informative events
e. to share an amusing incident
b. to present perspective points about an issue
c. to describe the way they are
d. to acknowledge readers about informative events
e. to share an amusing incident
8. The text is in form of a/an………
a. description
b. report
c. anecdote
d. recount
e. news item
a. description
b. report
c. anecdote
d. recount
e. news item
9. Where did the robbery take place?
a. at 151 Pattimura street
b. at 151 Gajahmada street
c. at 161 Pattimura street
d. at 212 Sisingamangaraja street
e. at 161 Sisingamangaraja street
a. at 151 Pattimura street
b. at 151 Gajahmada street
c. at 161 Pattimura street
d. at 212 Sisingamangaraja street
e. at 161 Sisingamangaraja street
10. When did the robbery happen?
a. Sunday morning
b. Sunday afternoon
c. Saturday morning
d. Saturday afternoon
e. Monday evening
a. Sunday morning
b. Sunday afternoon
c. Saturday morning
d. Saturday afternoon
e. Monday evening
11. The lexico grammatical features are mostly written in………..
a. passive voice
b. direct speech
c. reported speech
d. simple past tense
e. simple present tense
a. passive voice
b. direct speech
c. reported speech
d. simple past tense
e. simple present tense
Kunci Jawaban
1. A
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. B
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